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	<title>ComplementaryMap - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-04-29T21:30:22Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=652&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nathaniel at 02:27, 28 November 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=652&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-11-28T02:27:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 02:27, 28 November 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Function&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Function&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|name=ComplementaryMap&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|name=ComplementaryMap&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|desc=Computes the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;complementary map&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;of a superoperator&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|desc=Computes the complementary map of a superoperator&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|cat=[[List of functions#Superoperators|Superoperators]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|cat=[[List of functions#Superoperators|Superoperators]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=November &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;12&lt;/del&gt;, 2014&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=November &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;24&lt;/ins&gt;, 2014}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;|v=0.50&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the complementary map of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;complementary map&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Syntax==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Syntax==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot; &gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Argument descriptions==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Argument descriptions==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;: A superoperator. Should be provided as either a &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;Choi matrix&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;, or as a cell with either 1 or 2 columns (see the [[tutorial]] page for more details about specifying superoperators within QETLAB). &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a cell of Kraus operators if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a cell of Kraus operators, and similarly &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a Choi matrix if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a Choi matrix.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;: A superoperator. Should be provided as either a Choi matrix, or as a cell with either 1 or 2 columns (see the [[tutorial]] page for more details about specifying superoperators within QETLAB). &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a cell of Kraus operators if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a cell of Kraus operators, and similarly &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a Choi matrix if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a Choi matrix.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; (optional, default has input and output spaces of equal dimension): A 1-by-2 vector containing the input and output dimensions of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order (equivalently, these are the dimensions of the first and second subsystems of the Choi matrix &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order). If the input or output space is not square, then &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;'s first row should contain the input and output row dimensions, and its second row should contain its input and output column dimensions. &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is required if and only if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; has unequal input and output dimensions and is provided as a Choi matrix.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; (optional, default has input and output spaces of equal dimension): A 1-by-2 vector containing the input and output dimensions of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order (equivalently, these are the dimensions of the first and second subsystems of the Choi matrix &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order). If the input or output space is not square, then &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;'s first row should contain the input and output row dimensions, and its second row should contain its input and output column dimensions. &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is required if and only if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; has unequal input and output dimensions and is provided as a Choi matrix.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Examples==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Examples==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===Non-uniqueness===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===Non-uniqueness===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Complementary maps are not unique, and hence different maps &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; may be returned depending on the particular representation of the input map &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;. The particular complementary map that is returned by this function is the one that is obtained by placing all of the first rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the first Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, all of the second rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the second Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, and so on. The following code defines two families of Kraus operators &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi2&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, verifies that they represent the same map by showing that their &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;Choi matrices&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;are the same, and then shows that nonetheless the different Kraus representations lead to different complementary maps.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Complementary maps are not unique, and hence different maps &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; may be returned depending on the particular representation of the input map &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;. The particular complementary map that is returned by this function is the one that is obtained by placing all of the first rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the first Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, all of the second rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the second Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, and so on. The following code defines two families of Kraus operators &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi2&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, verifies that they represent the same map by showing that their Choi matrices are the same, and then shows that nonetheless the different Kraus representations lead to different complementary maps.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi = {[1 0;0 0] ; [0 1;0 0] ; [0 0;1 0] ; [0 0;0 1]};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi = {[1 0;0 0] ; [0 1;0 0] ; [0 0;1 0] ; [0 0;0 1]};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nathaniel</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=579&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nathaniel at 18:00, 12 November 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=579&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-11-12T18:00:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 18:00, 12 November 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot; &gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|cat=[[List of functions#Superoperators|Superoperators]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|cat=[[List of functions#Superoperators|Superoperators]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;January 22&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;2013&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;November 12&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;2014&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|v=0.50}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|v=0.50}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nathaniel</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=429&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nathaniel at 15:23, 29 September 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=429&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-09-29T15:23:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:23, 29 September 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|desc=Computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|desc=Computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|cat=[[List of functions#Superoperators|Superoperators]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=January 22, 2013&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|upd=January 22, 2013&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|v=&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;1&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;00&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|v=&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;0&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;50&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l18&quot; &gt;Line 18:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 19:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===Non-uniqueness===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===Non-uniqueness===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Complementary maps are not unique, and hence different maps &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; may be returned depending on the particular representation of the input map &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;. The particular complementary map that is returned by this function is the one that is obtained by placing all of the first rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the first Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, all of the second rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the second Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, and so on. The following code defines two families of Kraus operators &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi2&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, verifies that they represent the same map by showing that their [[Choi matrices]] are the same, and then shows that nonetheless the different Kraus representations lead to different complementary maps.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Complementary maps are not unique, and hence different maps &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; may be returned depending on the particular representation of the input map &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;. The particular complementary map that is returned by this function is the one that is obtained by placing all of the first rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the first Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, all of the second rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the second Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, and so on. The following code defines two families of Kraus operators &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi2&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, verifies that they represent the same map by showing that their [[Choi matrices]] are the same, and then shows that nonetheless the different Kraus representations lead to different complementary maps.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;pre&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;syntaxhighlight&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi = {[1 0;0 0] ; [0 1;0 0] ; [0 0;1 0] ; [0 0;0 1]};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi = {[1 0;0 0] ; [0 1;0 0] ; [0 0;1 0] ; [0 0;0 1]};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi2 = {[1 0;0 1]/sqrt(2) ; [0 1;1 0]/sqrt(2) ; [0 -1i;1i 0]/sqrt(2) ; [1 0;0 -1]/sqrt(2)};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi2 = {[1 0;0 1]/sqrt(2) ; [0 1;1 0]/sqrt(2) ; [0 -1i;1i 0]/sqrt(2) ; [1 0;0 -1]/sqrt(2)};&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[ChoiMatrix|&lt;/del&gt;ChoiMatrix(Phi)&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; ChoiMatrix(Phi)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ans =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ans =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l30&quot; &gt;Line 30:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 31:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;      0     0     0     1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;      0     0     0     1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[ChoiMatrix|&lt;/del&gt;ChoiMatrix(Phi2)&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; ChoiMatrix(Phi2)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ans =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ans =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l75&quot; &gt;Line 75:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 76:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;         0 + 0.7071i        0           &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;         0 + 0.7071i        0           &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;         0            -0.7071     &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;         0            -0.7071     &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;pre&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;syntaxhighlight&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;{{SourceCode|name=ComplementaryMap}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nathaniel</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=230&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nathaniel: Created page with &quot;{{Function |name=ComplementaryMap |desc=Computes the complementary map of a superoperator |rel=DualMap |upd=January 22, 2013 |v=1.00}} &lt;tt&gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&lt;/tt&gt; ...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://qetlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=ComplementaryMap&amp;diff=230&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-01-22T18:19:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;{{Function |name=ComplementaryMap |desc=Computes the &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/index.php?title=Complementary_map&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Complementary map (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;complementary map&lt;/a&gt; of a superoperator |rel=&lt;a href=&quot;/DualMap&quot; title=&quot;DualMap&quot;&gt;DualMap&lt;/a&gt; |upd=January 22, 2013 |v=1.00}} &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;ComplementaryMap&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Function&lt;br /&gt;
|name=ComplementaryMap&lt;br /&gt;
|desc=Computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator&lt;br /&gt;
|rel=[[DualMap]]&lt;br /&gt;
|upd=January 22, 2013&lt;br /&gt;
|v=1.00}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;'''ComplementaryMap'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a [[List of functions|function]] that computes the [[complementary map]] of a superoperator (in the sense that the output of this function describes the information leaked by the original superoperator to the environment).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Syntax==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC = ComplementaryMap(PHI)&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC = ComplementaryMap(PHI,DIM)&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Argument descriptions==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;: A superoperator. Should be provided as either a [[Choi matrix]], or as a cell with either 1 or 2 columns (see the [[tutorial]] page for more details about specifying superoperators within QETLAB). &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a cell of Kraus operators if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a cell of Kraus operators, and similarly &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; will be a Choi matrix if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is a Choi matrix.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; (optional, default has input and output spaces of equal dimension): A 1-by-2 vector containing the input and output dimensions of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order (equivalently, these are the dimensions of the first and second subsystems of the Choi matrix &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, in that order). If the input or output space is not square, then &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;'s first row should contain the input and output row dimensions, and its second row should contain its input and output column dimensions. &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;DIM&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is required if and only if &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; has unequal input and output dimensions and is provided as a Choi matrix.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
===Non-uniqueness===&lt;br /&gt;
Complementary maps are not unique, and hence different maps &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; may be returned depending on the particular representation of the input map &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;. The particular complementary map that is returned by this function is the one that is obtained by placing all of the first rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the first Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, all of the second rows of Kraus operators of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHI&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; into the second Kraus operator of &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;PHIC&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, and so on. The following code defines two families of Kraus operators &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;Phi2&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;, verifies that they represent the same map by showing that their [[Choi matrices]] are the same, and then shows that nonetheless the different Kraus representations lead to different complementary maps.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi = {[1 0;0 0] ; [0 1;0 0] ; [0 0;1 0] ; [0 0;0 1]};&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Phi2 = {[1 0;0 1]/sqrt(2) ; [0 1;1 0]/sqrt(2) ; [0 -1i;1i 0]/sqrt(2) ; [1 0;0 -1]/sqrt(2)};&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; [[ChoiMatrix|ChoiMatrix(Phi)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ans =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
     1     0     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     1     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     0     1     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     0     0     1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; [[ChoiMatrix|ChoiMatrix(Phi2)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ans =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    1.0000         0         0         0&lt;br /&gt;
         0    1.0000         0         0&lt;br /&gt;
         0         0    1.0000         0&lt;br /&gt;
         0         0         0    1.0000&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; celldisp(ComplementaryMap(Phi))&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
ans{1} =&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
     1     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     1&lt;br /&gt;
     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
ans{2} =&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     0&lt;br /&gt;
     1     0&lt;br /&gt;
     0     1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt; celldisp(ComplementaryMap(Phi2))&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
ans{1} =&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
   0.7071                  0          &lt;br /&gt;
        0             0.7071          &lt;br /&gt;
        0                  0 - 0.7071i&lt;br /&gt;
   0.7071                  0          &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
ans{2} =&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
        0             0.7071          &lt;br /&gt;
   0.7071                  0          &lt;br /&gt;
        0 + 0.7071i        0          &lt;br /&gt;
        0            -0.7071    &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nathaniel</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>