Difference between revisions of "SymmetricExtension"
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(Updated to v1.02 (Bosonic extensions are now faster to determine)) |
(Updated to v1.03 and added an example) |
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|req=[http://cvxr.com/cvx/ cvx]<br />[[IsPPT]]<br />[[IsPSD]]<br />[[opt_args]]<br />[[PartialTrace]]<br />[[PartialTranspose]]<br />[[PermutationOperator]]<br />[[PermuteSystems]]<br />[[sporth]]<br />[[SymmetricProjection]] | |req=[http://cvxr.com/cvx/ cvx]<br />[[IsPPT]]<br />[[IsPSD]]<br />[[opt_args]]<br />[[PartialTrace]]<br />[[PartialTranspose]]<br />[[PermutationOperator]]<br />[[PermuteSystems]]<br />[[sporth]]<br />[[SymmetricProjection]] | ||
|rel=[[SymmetricInnerExtension]] | |rel=[[SymmetricInnerExtension]] | ||
− | |upd= | + | |upd=February 21, 2014 |
− | |v=1. | + | |v=1.03}} |
<tt>'''SymmetricExtension'''</tt> is a [[List of functions|function]] that determines whether or not a given [[positive semidefinite]] operator has a symmetric extension. This function is extremely useful for showing that [[quantum state]]s are [[entangled]] (see the [[#Examples|Examples]] section). Various types of symmetric extensions can be looked for – by default, the extension that is looked for must be [[Bosonic]] and have [[positive partial transpose]], but both of these restrictions can be removed. | <tt>'''SymmetricExtension'''</tt> is a [[List of functions|function]] that determines whether or not a given [[positive semidefinite]] operator has a symmetric extension. This function is extremely useful for showing that [[quantum state]]s are [[entangled]] (see the [[#Examples|Examples]] section). Various types of symmetric extensions can be looked for – by default, the extension that is looked for must be [[Bosonic]] and have [[positive partial transpose]], but both of these restrictions can be removed. | ||
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==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
− | + | ===2-qubit symmetric extension=== | |
+ | It is known<ref>J. Chen, Z. Ji, D. Kribs, N. Lütkenhaus, and B. Zeng. ''Symmetric extension of two-qubit states''. E-print: [http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.3530 arXiv:1310.3530] [quant-ph]</ref> that a 2-qubit state $\rho_{AB}$ has a (not necessarily PPT) symmetric extension if and only if ${\rm Tr}(\rho_B^2) \geq {\rm Tr}(\rho_{AB}^2) - 4\sqrt{\det(\rho_{AB})}$. The following code verifies that one such state does indeed have a symmetric extension. | ||
+ | <pre<noinclude></noinclude>> | ||
+ | >> rho = [1 0 0 -1;0 1 1/2 0;0 1/2 1 0;-1 0 0 1]; | ||
+ | >> [trace([[PartialTrace|PartialTrace(rho)]]^2), trace(rho^2) - 4*sqrt(det(rho))] % if the first number is >= the second number, rho has a symmetric extension | ||
+ | |||
+ | ans = | ||
+ | |||
+ | 8.0000 6.5000 | ||
+ | |||
+ | >> SymmetricExtension(rho,2,[2,2],0) % verify that rho has a symmetric extension | ||
+ | |||
+ | ans = | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1 | ||
+ | </pre<noinclude></noinclude>> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | <references /> |
Revision as of 18:44, 4 March 2014
SymmetricExtension | |
Determines whether or not an operator has a symmetric extension | |
Other toolboxes required | cvx IsPPT IsPSD opt_args PartialTrace PartialTranspose PermutationOperator PermuteSystems sporth SymmetricProjection |
---|---|
Related functions | SymmetricInnerExtension |
SymmetricExtension is a function that determines whether or not a given positive semidefinite operator has a symmetric extension. This function is extremely useful for showing that quantum states are entangled (see the Examples section). Various types of symmetric extensions can be looked for – by default, the extension that is looked for must be Bosonic and have positive partial transpose, but both of these restrictions can be removed.
Syntax
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X)
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X,K)
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X,K,DIM)
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X,K,DIM,PPT)
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X,K,DIM,PPT,BOS)
- EX = SymmetricExtension(X,K,DIM,PPT,BOS,TOL)
- [EX,WIT] = SymmetricExtension(X,K,DIM,PPT,BOS,TOL)
Argument descriptions
Input arguments
- X: A positive semidefinite operator.
- K (optional, default 2): The number of copies of the second subsystem in the desired symmetric extension.
- DIM (optional, by default has both subsystems of equal dimension): A 1-by-2 vector containing the dimensions of the two subsystems that X acts on.
- PPT (optional, default 1): A flag (either 1 or 0) that indicates whether or not the desired symmetric extension must have positive partial transpose.
- BOS (optional, default 1): A flag (either 1 or 0) that indicates whether or not the desired symmetric extension must be Bosonic (i.e., have its range contained within the symmetric subspace).
- TOL (optional, default eps^(1/4)): The numerical tolerance used throughout this script. It is recommended that this is left at the default value unless numerical problems arise and the script has difficulty determining whether or not X has a symmetric extension.
Output arguments
- EX: A flag (either 1 or 0) indicating that X does or does not have a symmetric extension of the desired type.
- WIT (optional): A witness that verifies that the answer provided by EX is correct. If EX = 1 (i.e., X has a symmetric extension) then WIT is such a symmetric extension. If EX = 0 (i.e., no symmetric extension exists) then WIT is an entanglement witness with trace(WIT*X) = -1 but trace(WIT*Y) >= 0 for all symmetrically extendable Y.
Examples
2-qubit symmetric extension
It is known[1] that a 2-qubit state $\rho_{AB}$ has a (not necessarily PPT) symmetric extension if and only if ${\rm Tr}(\rho_B^2) \geq {\rm Tr}(\rho_{AB}^2) - 4\sqrt{\det(\rho_{AB})}$. The following code verifies that one such state does indeed have a symmetric extension.
>> rho = [1 0 0 -1;0 1 1/2 0;0 1/2 1 0;-1 0 0 1]; >> [trace(PartialTrace(rho)^2), trace(rho^2) - 4*sqrt(det(rho))] % if the first number is >= the second number, rho has a symmetric extension ans = 8.0000 6.5000 >> SymmetricExtension(rho,2,[2,2],0) % verify that rho has a symmetric extension ans = 1
References
- ↑ J. Chen, Z. Ji, D. Kribs, N. Lütkenhaus, and B. Zeng. Symmetric extension of two-qubit states. E-print: arXiv:1310.3530 [quant-ph]